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In recent years, multi-modal combined anti-tumor has become an effective strategy for clinical tumor treatment. Photothermal therapy with its characteristics of minimally invasive, controllable, high efficiency, and strong specificity, can effectively make up for the toxic side effects and tumor resistance caused by traditional drug treatment. The research shows that the combination of photothermal therapy and chemotherapy has better synergistic antitumor effect. However, chemotherapeutic drugs and photothermal agents may have different pharmacokinetic behaviors in vivo, so it is difficult to ensure their effective transmission in tumor site, and the free form is easy to be metabolized and degraded in vivo. How to deliver the two therapeutic modes of drugs / photothermal reagents to tumor tissues in a specific, efficient and synchronous manner to achieve the best combined antitumor effect is an important problem to be solved in the combined antitumor application. The development of nano-drug delivery technology provides a new idea for the application of tumor treatment. In this paper, combined with the latest research progress in this field, the anti-tumor mechanism of photothermal therapy combined with chemotherapy, the advantages of nano drug delivery, the types and characteristics of commonly used nano materials and the principle of drug delivery are reviewed in order to provide a reference for the further development of multi-mode combined treatment of tumor.
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OBJECTIVE：To understand the situation of healthcar e workers’occupational exposure of hazardous drugs （chemotherapeutic drugs and antiviral drug ）and relative cognition level ，and to provide reference for improving the level of occupational protection. METHODS ：During Oct. 2018 to Mar. 2019，healthcare workers from 12 hospitals of different levels and different departments in Shaanxi province were selected as respondents to conduct a self-designed questionnaire survey. Information we surveyed contained baseline characteristics ，hazardous drugs exposure ，physical health status ，and occupational protection. Valid questionnaires were collected and analyzed statistically. RESULTS ：A totally of 1 848 questionnaires were sent out ，and 1 767 questionnaires were collected ，including 95 were pharmacists ，100 were physicians ，and 1 572 were nurses. The frequency of diarrhea and menstrual disorders in healthcare workers with long-term exposure to antiviral drugs （antiviral drug exposure group ） and cross-exposure to antiviral drugs and chemotherapeutic drugs （cross-exposure group ）were significantly higher than unexposed group （P＜0.05）. The incidence of routine blood abnormalities in cross-exposure group ，antiviral drug exposure group and healthcare workers with long-term exposure to chemotherapy drugs （chemotherapy drug exposure group ） was higher than unexposed group by 9.13％，5.50％ and 12.34％，respectively. 84.7％ of the respondents had little knowledge of hazardous drugs ， and 8.15％ of the respondents had never received occupational protection training. Additionally ，the ratio of healthcare workers receiving occupational protection training in the cross-exposure group was significantly higher than unexposed group （P＜0.05）， and the ratio of healthcare workers receiving occupational protection training in antiviral drug exposure group were significantly lower than unexposed group （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS ：Long-term exposure to hazardous drugs will cause certain occupational hazards to healthcare workers. It is necessary to improve healthcare workers ’awareness of self-protection ，increase the input of hospitals in occupational protection training and establish occupational protection standards in order to improve the current situation of occupational protection of healthcare workers.
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Anti-tumor intervention using a combination of drugs shows unique advantages in research and clinical practice. Active ingredients of Chinese herbal medicines can offer many advantages, such as high efficiency, low toxicity, wide effect and multiple targets. At present, the combination active ingredients of Chinese herbal and chemotherapy drugs have attracted increased attention. Nano-drug delivery system provides a good carrier platform for anti-tumor drugs. Nano-carrier-mediated drug combination is a promising strategy. In this paper, we review the mechanisms of the anti-tumor effects of active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine combined with chemotherapeutic drugs and consider the advantages of drug-loaded nanoparticles, the types and characteristics of carriers. The aim is to provide a reference for the research of effective regimen for anti-tumor therapy.
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@#Objective: To explore the expression of long non-coding RNA RP11-259P1.1 (lncRNA RP11-259P1.1) in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) tissues and to analyze the relationship between lncRNARP11-259P1.1 expression and SCLC clinicopathological characteristics, as well as to investigate its effect in chemoresistance. Methods: Tissue samples, including 158 cases of tumor tissues from SCLC patients, who underwent bronchoscopic biopsy, puncture biopsy and surgical resection, 48 cases of para-cancerous tissues and 40 cases of normal lung tissues, collected from January 2012 to December 2016 in the Sixth People’s Hospital of Chengdu and General Hospital of Chengdu Military Region，were used in this study. The expression of lncRNARP11-259P1.1 was detected by Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR). χ2 test was used to analyze the relationship between the expression of lncRNA RP11-259P1.1 and the clinicopathological characteristics as well as chemotherapeutic resistance in SCLC patients. Relationship between lncRNA RP11259P1.1 expression and prognosis of SCLC patients was analyzed by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Results: The expression of lncRNA RP11-259P1.1 in SCLC tissues was significantly higher than that in para-cancerous tissues and normal lung tissues (all P < 0.01). The expression of lncRNA RP11-259P1.1 in cancer tissues of chemosensitive group was significantly lower than that of chemoresistant group (P<0.05). The expression of lncRNA RP11-259P 1.1 was not correlated with gender and age, but significantly correlated with tumor stage, metastasis and chemosensitivity (all P<0.05). PFS and OS in patients with high lncRNA RP11-259P 1.1 expression were significantly shorter than those in patients with low expression ([12.25±1.83] vs [22.29±1.58] months, [23.55±1.35] vs [31.75±2.43] months, all P<0.01). The expression of lncRNA RP11-259P 1.1, tumor stage and distant metastasis were the independent prognostic factors in SCLC patients (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The high expression of lncRNA RP11-259P1.1 in SCLC tissues is associated with chemosensitivity and prognosis of SCLC patients, and may be a potential biomarker for prognosis evaluation in SCLC patients.
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Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common, malignant, and lethal primary brain tumor in adults.Up to now,there is no effective drug for GBM.Withaferin A(WFA)is mainly derived from Indian Winter cherry.It has been traditionally used in ayurvedic medicine.WFA has wide range of pharmaco-logical activities including cardioprotective,anti-inflammatory,immuno-modulatory properties.Recently, WFA was reported to inhibit the growth of many cancer cells; however, the precise molecular mecha-nisms of its anti-cancer activities in GBM remain unclear. Here, we found that treatment of WFA in U251 and U87-MG glioma cells inhibited the cell proliferation,released the cellular LDH,decreased the DNA synthesis, and inhibited the migration, invasion, and colony formation of cells. WFA also in-creased the apoptotic rate of cells, decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential, arrested cell cy-cle at G2/M,inhibited the activity of caspase 3/7,and increased the protein expression of cleaved-cas-pase 3,cleaved PARP in U251 and U87-MG cells.In addition,cell apoptosis induced by WFA was as-sociated with increasing level of Bim,Bad,P21,P53 and decreasing the level of p-CDK1,cyclin A and B. It was also shown that cell apoptosis induced by WFA was associated with P38 signal pathway. These results demonstrated that WFA induced mitochondrial dependent apoptosis in glioblastoma cells which was associated with arresting the cell cycle at G2/M phase by P38 pathway.Taken together,our findings suggest that WFA might be a promising chemotherapy drug in the treatment of GBM.
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Due to the differences of background, ways of thinking, visual angle and research tools between Chinese medicine and Western medicine,most Chinese medicine research based on western medicine are of low clinical value,although the combination of the Western and Traditional Chinese Medicine has gaining popularity.It is possible to change our perspective and use Chinese medicine theory to think and guide all modern treatment methods.This theory which is explained in the Tumor Green Therapeutics,has achieved remarkable clinical results and gained rapid development.Syndrome differentiation and treatment is the essence of TCM.Eight principles of syndrome differentiation of TCM are the general principles. The principles of cold and heat syndrome differentiation are the basis for the complex syndrome types.Therefore, this article will be a preliminary study for anti-cancer medicine from point of view of the principles of cold and heat syndrome differentiation, and will provide more clinical reference.
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Objective@#To investigate the clinical value of two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography(2D-STE) combined with high-sensitive cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) in early detection of the cardiotoxicity induced by chemotherapy drug.@*Methods@#Seventy-five non-Hodgkin′s lymphoma patients who received the CHOP regimen were recruited in this study. Conventional echocardiography and 2D-STE were performed on these patients before chemotherapy, the second day after the third course of chemotherapy (during chemotherapy) and the second day after the last course of chemotherapy (after chemotherapy). The parameters included left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), global longitudinal strain (LS), global circumferential strain (CS) and global radial strain (RS). The serum hs-cTNT levels were tested simultaneously.@*Results@#Three cycles of CHOP were completed in 30 patients and 6-8 cycles of CHOP were completed in 45 patients. The LVEF of 75 patients before, during and after chemotherapy was (63.8±2.6)%, (63.8±2.8)% and (64.0±3.3)%, respectively, without significant difference (P=0.91). However, the LS of 75 patients before, during and after chemotherapy was (-18.5±1.7)%, (-16.5±1.9)% and (-16.0±1.6)%, respectively. The CS was (-20.9±2.9)%, (-19.3±3.5)% and (-19.2±3.2)%, respectively. The RS was (39.2±6.4)%, (35.3±5.2)% and (35.0±6.2)%, respectively. The hs-cTnT was (0.001 0±0.002 0)ng/ml, (0.006 3±0.008 9)ng/ml and (0.007 3±0.003 8)ng/ml, respectively. The LS, CS and RS were significantly decreased while hs-cTnT was significantly increased during chemotherapy when compared to those before chemotherapy (all of P<0.01). Alternatively, the LS, CS, RS and hs-cTnT after chemotherapy were marginally different from those during chemotherapy (all of P>0.05). Moreover, TLS-SD, TCS-SD and TRS-SD showed no significant difference before, during and after chemotherapy (all of P>0.05). The reduction of LS was positively associated with the enhancement of hs-cTnT after chemotherapy (r=0.60, P<0.01).@*Conclusion@#2D-STE combined with hs-cTnT can effectively and precisely detect the occult cardiotoxicity induced by anthracycline.
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Autophagy is a highly conservative biological behavior in eukaryotic cells .This dynamic process involves wrappingcytoplasmic components and combining with lysosomes in cells for catabolism .Auto-phagy can not only take part in maintaining homeostasis ,but also be closely related with tumor development and resistant.Therefore,autophagy is a potential target for antitumor drug resistant .Specific inhibition of autophagy in cancer cells combined with chemotherapy is expected to be an effective cancer treatment strategy .
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S-1 is the third generation of fluorouracil derivative anti-cancer agent with small side effects ,efficacy ,and drug delivery is convenient .In a large number of clinical trials and continuous clinical application ,it showed the good effect for the treatment of advanced breast cancer ,which was expected to become the first-line chemotherapy drug for breast cancer treat-ment in the future .
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Objective To study the resistances of CDl33 + subset purified from gastric cancer cell line to chemotherapy drugs and the mechanism of this resistance regarding to the mRNA expressions of both Bcl-2 and BAX in relation to the relative apoptotic genes.Methods CD133 + subset and CD133-subset were purified from KATOⅢ cell linc by magnetic activated cell sorting.The proliferating ability of these two subsets resistantnt to 5-FU,Cisplatin(DDP,PDD) and Etoposide was checked and compared by CCK-8 test.The apoptotic changes of these two subsets regarding to the expression of mRNA of both Bcl-2 and BAX were also analized by RT-PCR.Results In CD133 + subset,the contant percentage of CD133 + expression rate was 90％ via analysis of flow cytometye.Twelve hours after treatment of5-FU,DDP and VP-16,the cells in both CD133 + subgroup and CD133-subgroup would gradually start to change in apoptotic morphology.The growth inhibiting rate by CCK-8 measurement for 5-FU,DDP and VP-16 groups in CD133 + subgroup was significantly lower than that in CD133-subgroup.The data under different treatment respectively was,5-FU:(30.56 ± 1.99) ％-(88.60 ± 1.95) ％ vs (32.81 ± 2.67) ％-(95.73±2.12)％,P=0.045,cisplatin:(45.89 ±3.64)％-(81.20 ± 1.18)％ vs (50.21 ±3.22)％-(90.46±1.89)％,P=0.043,VP-16:(37.21 ±3.80)％-(78.49 ±3.22)％ vs (35.55 ±3.23)％-(89.32 ±-3.54) ％,P =0.048).After treatment of these three kind of anti-tumour drugs,the expression level of Bcl-2 mR-NA decreased significantly and the expression level of BAX mRNA increased significantly in both CD133 + subgroup and CD133-subgroup.However,these changing ranges of Bcl-2 mRNA and BAX mRNA were more obvious in CD133 + subgroup in comparison with those in CD133-subgroup.Conclusions In some degree,resistent potentiality of CD133 + cells to 5-FU,DDP and VP-16 has been identified,which may probably be due to the up-regulation of the expression of BAX and down-regulation of the expression of Bcl-2.
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Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects of RFA combined with chemotherapy drug on hepatic VX: carcinoma in rabbits and to explore its mechanism.Methods: 40 rabbit models with VX: carcinoma were used for this study.they were divided into four groups at random.We watched the changes in serolog ALT,diameter of tumor and pathomorphology.And we also utilized terminal deoxynucleotidyl ransferase-mediated dUTP nick-end-labeling and immunohistochemistry to observe the apoptosis and proliferation.Results: ⑴The blood ALT significantly increased at the first day after treatment,then descended at the third day,and at the seventh day it descended to the level of pretreatment stage in group RFA combined with epirubicin.(2) The diameter of tumor showed significant difference between combined treatment and other groups.(3) Two weeks after treatment,the complete necrotic area slightly extended.it was clearly seen that the zone consisted of normal liver constitution,inflammation hyperemia zone and amorphous necrotic constitution by HE staining in combined treatment group.(4) The apoptosis index of the combined treatment group was bigger than that in other groups by TUNEL technology,but the PCNA index in the combined treatment group was lower than other groups.They all had significant difference.There was negative correlation between apoptosis index and PCNA index in the combined treatment group(r=-0.745,P